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項(xiàng)目管里知識(shí)體系指南(PMBOK指南)(第六版)() 第六版首次加納入了在敏捷或者適應(yīng)型環(huán)境中應(yīng)用良好項(xiàng)目管理實(shí)踐的指南。各章節(jié)(或知識(shí)領(lǐng)域)現(xiàn)在有4個(gè)引導(dǎo)部分:核心概念、趨勢(shì)和新興實(shí)踐、剪裁考慮因素、敏捷或適應(yīng)型環(huán)境中需要考慮的因素。 第六版格外重視項(xiàng)目管里中的戰(zhàn)略與業(yè)務(wù)知識(shí)方面,前三章對(duì)涉及項(xiàng)目管理的業(yè)務(wù)文檔進(jìn)行了討論 第六版增加了一個(gè)有關(guān)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理角色的新章節(jié), 專門討論P(yáng)MI人才三角及組織對(duì)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的技能組合要求, 這些技能讓項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理更具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力, 并且在技術(shù)、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力、戰(zhàn)略和商業(yè)管理方面更有相關(guān)性。 第六版相比五版, 增加了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目管里標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(美國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn):ASBI/PMI99-001-2017),這也是第六版比第五版增加篇幅的主要原因。 第六版內(nèi)容與敏捷項(xiàng)目管理由密切的相關(guān)性,PMI也首次推出了《敏捷項(xiàng)目實(shí)踐指南》。 《敏捷項(xiàng)目實(shí)踐指南》中英文版將于2018年6月由電子工業(yè)出版社出版。 本書利用一種專利防偽印刷技術(shù)印刷,旨在防止未經(jīng)授權(quán)擅自復(fù)制。紙張為灰色,而不是白色。復(fù)印或掃描本書頁面時(shí),背景中隱藏的警告信息就會(huì)顯示出來。這種安全措施旨在阻止一切對(duì)本書的非法復(fù)制或偽造企圖。 作為項(xiàng)目管理協(xié)會(huì)(PMI)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和指南,本指南是通過相關(guān)人員的自愿參與和共同協(xié)商而開發(fā)的。其開發(fā)過程匯集了一批志愿者,并廣泛收集了對(duì)本指南內(nèi)容感興趣的人士的觀點(diǎn)。PMI管理該開發(fā)過程并制定規(guī)則以促進(jìn)協(xié)商的公平性,但并沒有直接參與寫作,也沒有獨(dú)立測(cè)試、評(píng)估或核實(shí)本指南所含任何信息的準(zhǔn)確性、完整性或本指南所含任何判斷的有效性。 因本指南或?qū)Ρ局改系膽?yīng)用或依賴而直接或間接造成的任何人身傷害、財(cái)產(chǎn)或其他損失,PMI不承擔(dān)任何責(zé)任,無論特殊、間接、因果還是補(bǔ)償性的責(zé)任。PMI不明示或暗示地保證或擔(dān)保本指南所含信息的準(zhǔn)確性與完整性,也不保證本指南所含信息能滿足你的特殊目的或需要。PMI不為任何使用本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或指南的制造商或供應(yīng)商的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)提供擔(dān)保。 PMI出版和發(fā)行本指南,既不代表向任何個(gè)人或團(tuán)體提供專業(yè)或其他服務(wù),也不為任何個(gè)人或團(tuán)體履行對(duì)他人的任何義務(wù)。在處理任何具體情況時(shí),本指南的使用者都應(yīng)依據(jù)自身的獨(dú)立判斷,或在必要時(shí)向資深專業(yè)人士尋求建議。與本指南議題相關(guān)的信息或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)亦可從其他途徑獲得。 讀者可以從這些途徑獲取本指南未包含的觀點(diǎn)或信息。PMI無權(quán)也不會(huì)監(jiān)督或強(qiáng)迫他人遵循本指南的內(nèi)容,不會(huì)為安全或健康原因?qū)Ξa(chǎn)品、設(shè)計(jì)或安裝進(jìn)行認(rèn)證、測(cè)試或檢查。本指南中關(guān)于符合健康或安全要求的任何證明或聲明,都不是PMI做出的,而應(yīng)由認(rèn)證者或聲明者承擔(dān)全部責(zé)任。 第一部分 項(xiàng)目管理知識(shí)體系指南(PMBOK 指南) 1. 引論....................................................................................................................................1 1.1 指南概述和目的..............................................................................................................1 1.2 基本要素...........................................................................................................................4 2. 項(xiàng)目運(yùn)行環(huán)境....................................................................................................................37 2.1 概述.................................................................................................................................37 2.2 事業(yè)環(huán)境因素................................................................................................................38 2.3 組織過程資產(chǎn)................................................................................................................39 2.4 組織系統(tǒng).........................................................................................................................41 3. 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的角色.................................................................................................................51 3.1 概述.................................................................................................................................51 3.2 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的定義............................................................................................................52 3.3 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的影響力范圍................................................................................................52 3.4 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的能力............................................................................................................56 3.5 執(zhí)行整合.........................................................................................................................66 4. 項(xiàng)目整合管理...................................................................................................................69 4.1 制定項(xiàng)目章程................................................................................................................75 4.2 制定項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃........................................................................................................82 4.3 指導(dǎo)與管理項(xiàng)目工作....................................................................................................90 4.4 管理項(xiàng)目知識(shí)................................................................................................................98 4.5 監(jiān)控項(xiàng)目工作..............................................................................................................105 4.6 實(shí)施整體變更控制......................................................................................................113 4.7 結(jié)束項(xiàng)目或階段..........................................................................................................121 5. 項(xiàng)目范圍管理.................................................................................................................129 5.1 規(guī)劃范圍管理..............................................................................................................134 5.2 收集需求.......................................................................................................................138 5.3 定義范圍.......................................................................................................................150 5.4 創(chuàng)建 WBS......................................................................................................................156 5.5 確認(rèn)范圍.......................................................................................................................163 5.6 控制范圍.......................................................................................................................167 6. 項(xiàng)目進(jìn)度管理...................................................................................................................173 6.1 規(guī)劃進(jìn)度管理..............................................................................................................179 6.2 定義活動(dòng).......................................................................................................................183 6.3 排列活動(dòng)順序..............................................................................................................187 6.4 估算活動(dòng)持續(xù)時(shí)間......................................................................................................195 6.5 制定進(jìn)度計(jì)劃..............................................................................................................205 6.6 控制進(jìn)度.......................................................................................................................222 7. 項(xiàng)目成本管理..................................................................................................................231 7.1 規(guī)劃成本管理..............................................................................................................235 7.2 估算成本.......................................................................................................................240 7.3 制定預(yù)算.......................................................................................................................248 7.4 控制成本.......................................................................................................................257 8. 項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量管理...................................................................................................................271 8.1 規(guī)劃質(zhì)量管理..............................................................................................................277 8.2 管理質(zhì)量.......................................................................................................................288 8.3 控制質(zhì)量......................................................................................................................298 9. 項(xiàng)目資源管理..................................................................................................................307 9.1 規(guī)劃資源管理..............................................................................................................312 9.2 估算活動(dòng)資源..............................................................................................................320 9.3 獲取資源.......................................................................................................................328 9.4 建設(shè)團(tuán)隊(duì).......................................................................................................................336 9.5 管理團(tuán)隊(duì).......................................................................................................................345 9.6 控制資源.......................................................................................................................352 10. 項(xiàng)目溝通管理.................................................................................................................359 10.1 規(guī)劃溝通管理............................................................................................................366 10.2 管理溝通.....................................................................................................................379 10.3 監(jiān)督溝通.....................................................................................................................388 11. 項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理..................................................................................................................395 11.1 規(guī)劃風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理............................................................................................................401 11.2 識(shí)別風(fēng)險(xiǎn).....................................................................................................................409 11.3 實(shí)施定性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析....................................................................................................419 11.4 實(shí)施定量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析....................................................................................................428 11.5 規(guī)劃風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對(duì)............................................................................................................437 11.6 實(shí)施風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對(duì)............................................................................................................449 11.7 監(jiān)督風(fēng)險(xiǎn)...................................................................................................................453 12. 項(xiàng)目采購(gòu)管理................................................................................................................459 12.1 規(guī)劃采購(gòu)管理............................................................................................................466 12.2 實(shí)施采購(gòu).....................................................................................................................482 12.3 控制采購(gòu).....................................................................................................................492 13. 項(xiàng)目相關(guān)方管理.............................................................................................................503 13.1 識(shí)別相關(guān)方.................................................................................................................507 13.2 規(guī)劃相關(guān)方參與........................................................................................................516 13.3 管理相關(guān)方參與........................................................................................................523 13.4 監(jiān)督相關(guān)方參與........................................................................................................530 參考文獻(xiàn)...............................................................................................................................537 第二部分 項(xiàng)目管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 1. 引論................................................................................................................................541 1.1 項(xiàng)目和項(xiàng)目管理..........................................................................................................542 1.2 項(xiàng)目組合、項(xiàng)目集和項(xiàng)目之間的關(guān)系.....................................................................543 1.3 組織治理與項(xiàng)目治理之間的聯(lián)系.............................................................................545 1.4 項(xiàng)目成功與效益管理..................................................................................................546 1.5 項(xiàng)目生命周期..............................................................................................................547 1.6 項(xiàng)目相關(guān)方...................................................................................................................550 1.7 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的角色..........................................................................................................552 1.8 項(xiàng)目管理知識(shí)領(lǐng)域......................................................................................................553 1.9 項(xiàng)目管理過程組..........................................................................................................554 1.10 事業(yè)環(huán)境因素和組織過程資產(chǎn)...................................... ... ............................................557 1.11 裁剪項(xiàng)目工件................................................................. ..............................................558 2. 啟動(dòng)過程組........................................................................................................................561 2.1 制定項(xiàng)目章程..............................................................................................................563 2.2 識(shí)別相關(guān)方...................................................................................................................563 2.2.1 項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃組件.......................................................... ... ... ...................................564 2.2.2 項(xiàng)目文件示例........................ ... ......................................... ... ....................................564 2.2.3 項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃更新.................................................... ... ...... ......................................564 2.2.4 項(xiàng)目文件更新............................................................... ... ... ......................................564 3. 規(guī)劃過程組......................................................................................................................565 3.1 制定項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃......................................................................................................567 3.2 規(guī)劃范圍管理..............................................................................................................567 3.3 收集需求.......................................................................................................................568 3.4 定義范圍.......................................................................................................................569 3.5 創(chuàng)建 WBS......................................................................................................................570 3.6 規(guī)劃進(jìn)度管理..............................................................................................................571 3.7 定義活動(dòng).......................................................................................................................572 3.8 排列活動(dòng)順序..............................................................................................................573 3.9 估算活動(dòng)持續(xù)時(shí)間......................................................................................................574 3.9.1 項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃組件................................................................. ... ............................574 3.9.2 項(xiàng)目文件示例...................................................................... ... ...............................574 3.9.3 項(xiàng)目文件更新....................................................................... ... ..............................575 3.10 制定進(jìn)度計(jì)劃............................................................................................................575 3.11 規(guī)劃成本管理............................................................................................................577 3.12 估算成本.....................................................................................................................577 3.13 制定預(yù)算.....................................................................................................................578 3.14 規(guī)劃質(zhì)量管理............................................................................................................580 3.15 規(guī)劃資源管理............................................................................................................581 3.16 估算活動(dòng)資源............................................................................................................582 3.17 規(guī)劃溝通管理.............................................................................................................584 3.18 規(guī)劃風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理............................................................................................................585 3.19 識(shí)別風(fēng)險(xiǎn).....................................................................................................................586 3.20 實(shí)施定性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析....................................................................................................588 3.21 實(shí)施定量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析....................................................................................................589 3.22 規(guī)劃風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對(duì)............................................................................................................590 3.23 規(guī)劃采購(gòu)管理............................................................................................................592 3.24 規(guī)劃相關(guān)方參與........................................................................................................594 4. 執(zhí)行過程組.......................................................................................................................595 4.1 指導(dǎo)與管理項(xiàng)目工作..................................................................................................597 4.2 管理項(xiàng)目知識(shí)..............................................................................................................598 4.3 管理質(zhì)量.......................................................................................................................599 4.4 獲取資源.......................................................................................................................601 4.5 建設(shè)團(tuán)隊(duì).......................................................................................................................602 4.6 管理團(tuán)隊(duì).......................................................................................................................604 4.7 管理溝通.......................................................................................................................605 4.8 實(shí)施風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對(duì)..............................................................................................................607 4.9 實(shí)施采購(gòu).......................................................................................................................608 4.10 管理相關(guān)方參與........................................................................................................610 5. 監(jiān)控過程組 ....................................................................................................................613 5.1 監(jiān)控項(xiàng)目工作..............................................................................................................615 5.2 實(shí)施整體變更控制......................................................................................................616 5.3 確認(rèn)范圍.......................................................................................................................618 5.4 控制范圍.......................................................................................................................619 5.5 控制進(jìn)度.......................................................................................................................621 5.6 控制成本.......................................................................................................................622 5.7 控制質(zhì)量.......................................................................................................................624 5.8 控制資源.......................................................................................................................625 5.9 監(jiān)督溝通.......................................................................................................................627 5.10 監(jiān)督風(fēng)險(xiǎn).....................................................................................................................628 5.11 控制采購(gòu).....................................................................................................................629 5.12 監(jiān)督相關(guān)方參與........................................................................................................631 6. 收尾過程組......................................................................................................................633 6.1 結(jié)束項(xiàng)目或階段..........................................................................................................634 第三部分 附錄、術(shù)語表、索引 附錄 X1 第六版更新..............................................................................................................639 附錄 X2 第六版《PMBOK 指南》編審人員.....................................................................651 附錄 X3 敏捷型、迭代型、適應(yīng)型和混合型項(xiàng)目環(huán)境............................ ... ..........................665 附錄 X4 知識(shí)領(lǐng)域關(guān)鍵概念總結(jié)...........................................................................................673 附錄 X5 知識(shí)領(lǐng)域裁剪考慮因素總結(jié)...................................................................................679 附錄 X6 工具與技術(shù)...............................................................................................................685 術(shù)語表(英文排序)...............................................................................................................695 術(shù)語表(中文排序)...............................................................................................................718
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