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本書結(jié)合重慶市軌道集團(tuán)成熟的跨座式單軌技術(shù)，借鑒了中國(guó)，乃至國(guó)際上較為先進(jìn)的理論，關(guān)于跨座式信號(hào)系統(tǒng)的組成、原理、發(fā)展進(jìn)行闡述，并結(jié)合重慶軌道交通建設(shè)的實(shí)際需要，進(jìn)行了創(chuàng)新研究和應(yīng)用研究，遵循“知識(shí)夠用，能力必備”原則，從信號(hào)工作崗位的特點(diǎn)和要求入手，將職業(yè)需要的技能和故障處理融入教材，使得教與練并重，練與學(xué)互助。

第一篇跨座式單軌交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)

第1章跨座式單軌交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)概述························································· 1

1.1 緒論·························································································· 1

1.2 跨座式單軌交通信號(hào)與線路································································· 7

1.3 跨座式單軌交通信號(hào)與道岔······························································· 17

第2章跨座式單軌交通信號(hào)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備························································ 23

2.1 繼電器························································································· 23

2.2 信號(hào)機(jī)························································································· 35

2.3 計(jì)軸設(shè)備······················································································ 41

2.4 軌道環(huán)線設(shè)備················································································ 49

2.5 應(yīng)答器························································································· 56

第3章聯(lián)鎖設(shè)備················································································· 64

3.1 聯(lián)鎖概述······················································································ 64

3.2 TYJL-Ⅱ型計(jì)算機(jī)聯(lián)鎖系統(tǒng)·································································· 76

3.3 TYJL-Ⅲ型計(jì)算機(jī)聯(lián)鎖系統(tǒng)································································· 86

3.4 EI32-JD型計(jì)算機(jī)聯(lián)鎖系統(tǒng)································································ 94

第4章列車運(yùn)行自動(dòng)控制（ATC）系統(tǒng)···················································· 106

4.1 ATC系統(tǒng)綜述··············································································· 106

4.2 ATP子系統(tǒng)·················································································· 115

4.3 ATO子系統(tǒng)·················································································· 119

4.4 ATS子系統(tǒng)·················································································· 123

4.5 基于感應(yīng)環(huán)線的跨座式單軌交通ATC系統(tǒng)············································· 131

4.6 基于CBTC的跨座式單軌交通ATC系統(tǒng)················································ 138

第二篇跨座式單軌交通信號(hào)設(shè)備維護(hù)與故障處理

第5章繼電器的維護(hù)與故障處理···························································· 150

5.1 繼電器的檢修要求和檢修流程··························································· 150

5.2 繼電器的故障檢修········································································· 153

第6章信號(hào)機(jī)設(shè)備的維護(hù)與故障處理······················································· 157

6.1 LED信號(hào)機(jī)的維護(hù)········································································· 157

6.2 LED色燈信號(hào)機(jī)的故障處理······························································ 158

第7章軌道環(huán)線設(shè)備的維護(hù)與故障處理···················································· 164

7.1 軌道環(huán)線設(shè)備的維護(hù)······································································ 164

7.2 軌道環(huán)線的故障處理······································································ 166

第8章應(yīng)答器設(shè)備的維護(hù)與故障處理······················································· 168

8.1 應(yīng)答器的維護(hù)··············································································· 168

8.2 應(yīng)答器的故障處理········································································· 172

第9章計(jì)軸設(shè)備的維護(hù)與故障處理························································· 175

9.1 計(jì)軸設(shè)備的維護(hù)············································································ 175

9.2 計(jì)軸設(shè)備的故障處理······································································ 179

9.3 計(jì)軸設(shè)備故障典型案例分析······························································ 185

第10章計(jì)算機(jī)聯(lián)鎖設(shè)備的維護(hù)與故障處理················································ 189

10.1 計(jì)算機(jī)聯(lián)鎖系統(tǒng)的維護(hù)·································································· 189

10.2 計(jì)算機(jī)聯(lián)鎖系統(tǒng)的故障處理····························································· 191

10.3 典型故障案例分析········································································ 199

第11章固定閉塞ATP/TD系統(tǒng)設(shè)備維護(hù)與故障處理····································· 202

11.1 固定閉塞ATP/TD系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的維護(hù)····················································· 202

11.2 固定閉塞ATP/TD系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的故障處理················································ 209

第12章移動(dòng)閉塞ATP/ATO系統(tǒng)設(shè)備維護(hù)與故障處理···································· 213

12.1 移動(dòng)閉塞ATP/ATO系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的維護(hù)··················································· 213

12.2 移動(dòng)閉塞ATP/ATO系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的故障處理·············································· 217

第13章跨座式單軌列車自動(dòng)監(jiān)控（ATS）系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的維護(hù)與故障處理··············· 224

13.1 跨座式單軌列車自動(dòng)監(jiān)控（ATS）系統(tǒng)的維護(hù)······································· 224

13.2 跨座式單軌列車自動(dòng)監(jiān)控（ATS）系統(tǒng)的故障處理································· 226

13.3 跨座式單軌列車自動(dòng)監(jiān)控（ATS）系統(tǒng)典型案例分析······························· 233

第三篇信號(hào)技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)與前沿

第14章信號(hào)技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)與前沿··························································· 237

14.1 互聯(lián)互通的信號(hào)系統(tǒng)····································································· 237

14.2 綜合承載的無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)····································································· 246

14.3 全自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)··········································································· 249

14.4 基于車-車通信的CBTC系統(tǒng)···························································· 254

參考文獻(xiàn)··························································································· 259

第1章跨座式單軌交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)概述

作為一種新型軌道交通方式，跨座式單軌交通的軌道梁既是運(yùn)營(yíng)車輛的載體，又是運(yùn)營(yíng)車輛的行走軌道，具有適應(yīng)力強(qiáng)、占地少、噪聲低、轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑小、爬坡能力強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。其信號(hào)系統(tǒng)也因線路形式等原因有著和其他城市軌道交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)不同之處，其線路形式直接決定了跨座式單軌交通信號(hào)系統(tǒng)的安裝方式、運(yùn)行方式及布置方式。

1.1 緒論

1.1.1 跨座式軌道交通簡(jiǎn)介

單軌系統(tǒng)作為軌道交通運(yùn)輸?shù)慕鉀Q方案和傳統(tǒng)鐵路一并起源于19世紀(jì)。當(dāng)時(shí)，傳統(tǒng)鐵路技術(shù)快速地投入了商用，而單軌交通受技術(shù)所限沒被大規(guī)模商用，直至20世紀(jì)相應(yīng)的技術(shù)問題才得到了很好的解決并逐步投入到城市軌道交通領(lǐng)域，單軌交通在城市軌道交通中具有獨(dú)特的生命力。

單軌系統(tǒng)在早期發(fā)展時(shí)就呈現(xiàn)了兩種不同的形態(tài)，一種是懸掛式單軌交通（見圖1-1-1），一種是跨座式單軌交通（見圖1-1-2）。懸掛式單軌交通為列車在軌道梁下懸垂并沿軌道梁運(yùn)行的交通方式，它最早被設(shè)計(jì)用于貨物運(yùn)輸，在城市軌道交通最早的運(yùn)用為1901年德國(guó)烏帕塔單軌，該條單軌線路直到現(xiàn)今還在運(yùn)營(yíng)當(dāng)中。

跨座式單軌交通為列車跨坐在預(yù)應(yīng)力梁上運(yùn)行的交通方式，其為當(dāng)今城市軌道交通單軌系統(tǒng)的最常用形式。19世紀(jì)50年代，德國(guó)ALWEG公司開始致力于研究和推動(dòng)跨座式單軌交通的發(fā)展，并在加美國(guó)利福尼亞迪士尼樂園實(shí)施了其首個(gè)跨座式單軌項(xiàng)目。多年后，龐巴迪公司為美國(guó)佛羅里達(dá)的迪士尼樂園建設(shè)了相似的線路，一直使用至今天。

圖1-1-1 懸掛式單軌交通圖1-1-2 跨座式單軌交通

跨座式單軌交通線路的應(yīng)用案例遍布全球，中國(guó)、日本、韓國(guó)、新加坡、德國(guó)、俄羅斯、美國(guó)、澳大利亞等國(guó)家均建設(shè)有跨座式軌道交通線路。國(guó)內(nèi)跨座式單軌線路主要分布在重慶、北京、臺(tái)灣，且有多個(gè)國(guó)內(nèi)城市擬于近期開始修建跨座式單軌軌道交通線路。由于在發(fā)展初期受技術(shù)限制，單軌交通一開始主要用于載客量較少的擺渡線路及通勤支線，進(jìn)入20、21世紀(jì)，跨座式單軌技術(shù)得到了長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展，被新興及發(fā)展中國(guó)家青睞并逐步用于城市軌道交通的主干線路，中國(guó)重慶、北京、韓國(guó)大邱等地新建的跨座式單軌線路均具備中、大型的運(yùn)輸能力。

跨座式單軌交通運(yùn)營(yíng)線路由線路、車站、車輛段/停車場(chǎng)、控制中心組成，配備有跨座式單軌列車、供電、信號(hào)、通信、綜合監(jiān)控、AFC、屏蔽門、安防門禁、通風(fēng)空調(diào)、電扶梯等完善的系統(tǒng)設(shè)備，在運(yùn)營(yíng)管理人員的指揮及操作下，共同安全、高效地完成旅客輸送任務(wù)。

跨座式單軌具備以下優(yōu)點(diǎn)：

① 占用空間相對(duì)較小�？缱絾诬壿^適用于高架形式，對(duì)比起地鐵，高架跨座式單軌占地面積小，垂直空間亦較小。

② 環(huán)境友好。相比于地鐵，其高架對(duì)地面的遮擋較少，能和諧地融入城市景觀。單軌使用橡膠輪胎在混凝土梁上走行，本身具備低噪特點(diǎn)，穿越城市核心區(qū)域及噪聲敏感區(qū)域時(shí)，不需要額外增加其他降噪設(shè)施（如減震道床及聲屏障等），同時(shí)，跨座式單軌也比地鐵節(jié)能。

③ 跨座式單軌具備爬坡能力強(qiáng)、轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑小的特點(diǎn)，以高架形式穿越城市核心區(qū)域及特殊地形時(shí)具備更好的適應(yīng)能力。

④ 跨座式單軌車輛以轉(zhuǎn)向架導(dǎo)向輪車包裹軌道梁運(yùn)行，因此不容易出軌，安全性更好。

⑤ 跨座式單軌具有比地鐵經(jīng)濟(jì)性更好的造價(jià)及維修價(jià)格指標(biāo)。

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