PartA Basic Understanding of Chemistry001
Unit1 Overview of Chemistry002
1.1 What is Chemistry?002
1.2 History of Chemistry 002
1.3 Chemistry in the Twenty-first Century 003
1.4 Chemists and Chemical Engineers 005
1.5 Branches of Chemistry005
1.6 Chemical Reactions 006
1.7 Types of Chemical Reactions 007
1.8 The Study of Chemistry009
1.9 Scientific Method 010
New Words and Expressions 011
Notes 013
Trivial — Last but not the Least014

Unit2 Working in the Lab 016
2.1 Safety in the Lab 016
2.2 Disposal of Chemical Waste 017
2.3 How to Deal with Bad Lab Partners？ 017
2.4 The Most Common Injuries in a Chemistry Lab 019
2.5 The Lab Notebook for Chemistry Lab Report020
2.6 Basic Laboratory Apparatus and Manipulation022
2.6.1 Apparatus022
2.6.2 Manipulation 027
New Words and Expressions029
Notes 032
Trivial — Last but not the Least032


PartB Introduction to Fundamentals of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering 035
Unit3 Basic Information of Inorganic Chemistry036
3.1 Overview036
3.2 Four Types of Inorganic Chemical Reactions037
3.3 The Important Inorganic Elements — Actinide 038
New Words and Expressions 039
Notes040
Trivial — Last but not the Least041

Unit4 Rules of Inorganic Nomenclature 044
4.1 Oxidation Number 044
4.2 Coordination Number 044
4.3 Use of Multiplicative Prefixes, Enclosing Marks, Numbers, and Letters045
4.3.1 Multiplicative Prefixes045
4.3.2 Enclosing Marks045
4.3.3 Numbers 046
4.3.4 Italic Letters 046
4.4 Elements046
4.5 Formulae and Names of Compounds in General 047
4.6 Names for Ions and Radicals 049
4.7 Inorganic Acids051
4.7.1 Oxoacid051
4.7.2 Acid Anions 052
4.7.3 Binary Hydrogen Compounds (Binary Acid) 053
4.8 Salts 053
4.8.1 Simple Salts 053
4.8.2 Salts Containing Acid Hydrogen053
4.8.3 Hydrated Salts 053
4.9 Coordination Compounds054
4.9.1 Indication of Oxidation Number and Proportion of Constituents054
4.9.2 The Names of Anionic Ligands, whether Inorganic or Organic, End in -o 055
4.9.3 Alternative Modes of Linkage of Some Ligands 056
4.9.4 Complexes with Unsaturated Molecules or Groups 057
4.9.5 Compounds with Bridging Atoms or Groups 057
4.9.6 Di- and Polynuclear Compounds without Bridging Groups; Direct Linkage between Coordination Centers 057
4.9.7 Homoatomic Aggregates 058
4.10 Addition Compounds 058
4.11 Prefixes or Affixes Used in Inorganic Nomenclature059
New Words and Expressions 060
Notes065
Trivial — Last but not the Least066

Unit5 A Short Introduction to Organic Chemistry 067
5.1 Overview 067
5.2 Types of Organic Chemical Reactions 069
5.3 Name Reactions in Organic Chemistry 072
5.3.1 Acetoacetic-Ester Condensation Reaction 073
5.3.2 Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis 073
5.3.3 Acyloin Condensation 073
5.3.4 Alder-Ene Reaction or Ene Reaction 073
5.3.5 Aldol Reaction or Aldol Addition 074
5.3.6 Aldol Condensation Reaction074
5.3.7 Appel Reaction 074
5.3.8 Arbuzov Reaction or Michaelis-Arbuzov Reaction 074
5.3.9 Arndt-Eistert Synthesis Reaction 074
5.3.10 Azo Coupling Reaction 075
5.3.11 Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Reactions 075
5.3.12 Baker-Venkataraman Rearrangement 075
5.3.13 Balz-Schiemann Reaction 075
5.3.14 Bamford-Stevens Reaction 075
5.3.15 Barton Decarboxylation 076
5.3.16 Barton Deoxygenation Reaction: Barton-McCombie Reaction 076
5.3.17 Baylis-Hillman Reaction 076
5.3.18 Beckmann Rearrangement Reaction076
5.3.19 Benzilic Acid Rearrangement 076
5.3.20 Benzoin Condensation Reaction077
5.3.21 Bergman Cycloaromatization—Bergman Cyclization077
5.3.22 Bestmann-Ohira Reagent Reaction 077
5.3.23 Biginelli Reaction 077
5.3.24 Birch Reduction Reaction 077
5.3.25 Bicschler-Napieralski Reaction — Bicschler-Napieralski Cyclization077
5.3.26 Blaise Reaction078
5.3.27 Blanc Reaction 078
5.3.28 Bohlmann-Rahtz Pyridine Synthesis 078
5.3.29 Bouveault-Blanc Reduction 078
5.3.30 Brook Rearrangement 078
5.3.31 Brown Hydroboration 078
5.3.32 Bucherer-Bergs Reaction079
5.3.33 Buchwald-Hartwig Cross Coupling Reaction 079
5.3.34 Cadiot-Chodkiewicz Coupling Reaction 079
5.3.35 Cannizzaro Reaction 079
5.3.36 Chan-Lam Coupling Reaction079
5.3.37 Crossed Cannizzaro Reaction 080
5.3.38 Friedel-Crafts Reaction080
5.3.39 Huisgen Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction 080
5.3.40 Itsuno-Corey Reduction — Corey-Bakshi-Shibata Reduction 080
5.3.41 Seyferth-Gilbert Homologation Reaction081
New Words and Expressions 081
Notes084
Trivial — Last but not the Least085

Unit6 Rules of Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry 087
6.1 Hydrocarbons087
6.1.1 Alkanes 087
6.1.2 Alkenes 090
6.1.3 Alkynes092
6.2 Heteroatom Functional Groups 092
6.2.1 Alcohols, Phenol, and Thiols 093
6.2.2 Ethers095
6.2.3 Amines 095
6.2.4 Organohalogen Compounds 097
6.2.5 Aldehydes and Ketones098
6.2.6 Carboxylic Acid 098
6.2.7 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives099
New Words and Expressions 101
Notes103
Trivial — Last but not the Least103

Unit7 Introduction to Analytical Chemistry107
7.1 Overview 107
7.2 The Scope of Analytical Chemistry 108
7.3 The Functions and Patterns of Analytical Chemistry 109
7.3.1 Functions of Analytical Chemistry109
7.3.2 General Patterns of Analytical Chemistry110
7.4 Analytical Methods 111
7.4.1 Types of Analytical Methods 111
7.4.2 Trends in Analytical Methods and Procedures 112
7.5 Some Modern Methods of Analytical Chemistry113
7.5.1 High Performance Liquid Chromatography113
7.5.2 High Performance Capillary Electrophoresis 116
7.5.3 Infrared Spectrophotometry118
7.5.4 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 119
7.5.5 Atomic Absorption 121
New Words and Expressions 124
Notes127
Trivial — Last but not the Least128

Unit8 A Map of Physical Chemistry129
8.1 Overview 129
8.1.1 What Is Physical Chemistry? 129
8.1.2 Theories of Physical Chemistry 130
8.1.3 What Do Physical Chemists Do? 131
8.1.4 Perspective of Physical Chemistry131
8.2 Briefing on Thermodynamics 132
8.3 Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics133
8.4 Introduction to Chemical Equilibrium and Kinetic Theory135
8.4.1 Equilibrium135
8.4.2 Chemical Kinetics 139
New Words and Expressions140
Notes 142
Trivial — Last but not the Least143

Unit9 Chemical Engineering 146
9.1 Overview146
9.2 The Difference between Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 147
9.3 Future Opportunities in Chemical Engineering 148
9.4 Introduction to Basic Chemical Engineering Concepts 149
9.4.1 Heat Transfer and Heat Exchangers 149
9.4.2 The Material Balance and the Energy Balance150
9.4.3 The Ideal Contact and the Rates of an Operation 150
9.4.4 Chemical Engineering Process Related to Solids 151
9.4.5 Fluidization153
9.4.6 Supercritical Fluids and Supercritical Fluid Extraction 154
9.4.7 Extraction and Liquid-Liquid Extraction 156
9.4.8 Evaporation and Crystallization 157
9.4.9 Dust Removal and Centrifugal Settling Process 158
9.4.10 Batch and Continuous Process 159
9.4.11 Chemical Manufacturing Process 159
New Words and Expressions160
Notes 163
Trivial — Last but not the Least164


PartC English for Basic Academic Communication 167
Unit10 International Conference 168
10.1 An Overview of Academic Communication168
10.2 International Conference 169
10.2.1 Sources for Conference Information 169
10.2.2 Conference Organizers and Session Modes 171
10.2.3 Papers, Abstracts, Posters and Proposals Submitted to Conference174
10.2.4 Financial Assistance for Attending Meetings180
10.2.5 Rehearsal, Attendance and Culture Considerations181
New Words and Expressions 187
Notes193
Trivial — Last but not the Least193

Unit11 Letters for Academic Communication 194
11.1 Introduction to Letter Writing 194
11.1.1 Basic Principles for Letter Writing 194
11.1.2 Styles of Punctuation and Format 195
11.1.3 Necessary Parts of a Formal Letter 195
11.1.4 Optional Parts of a Letter 199
11.1.5 Stationery and Envelope201
11.1.6 Sample letter with Common Formats202
11.2 Introduction to Email Writing 202
11.2.1 Email Format203
11.2.2 Subject Heading 203
11.2.3 Salutation203
11.2.4 The Body203
11.2.5 Previous Message and Quotes 204
11.2.6 Closing 205
11.2.7 Signature 206
11.2.8 File Attachments 206
11.2.9 Reread and Save before Clicking the “Send” Button 206
11.3 Examples of Letters in Different Situations 207
11.3.1 Examples of Letters Relating to Conference207
11.3.2 Letters for Academic Visits and Cooperation209
11.3.3 Letters for Research Positions 211
New Words and Expressions 212
Notes214
Trivial — Last but not the Least215


Appendix 217
A1 IUPAC Names and Symbols of Elements218

A2 General Stems and Affixes221

A3 Common English Terms Used in the Laboratory232

References234