緒論1
0.1化工原理實(shí)驗(yàn)的教學(xué)目的1
0.2化工原理實(shí)驗(yàn)的教學(xué)特點(diǎn)1
0.3化工原理實(shí)驗(yàn)的教學(xué)內(nèi)容與方法2
0.4化工原理實(shí)驗(yàn)的教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)和要求2
0.5化工原理實(shí)驗(yàn)的基本安全知識(shí)6
0.5.1實(shí)驗(yàn)守則7
0.5.2基本安全知識(shí)7
0.6任務(wù)書12
0.6.1阻力實(shí)驗(yàn)12
0.6.2離心泵實(shí)驗(yàn)13
0.6.3過濾實(shí)驗(yàn)14
0.6.4傳熱實(shí)驗(yàn)15
0.6.5吸收實(shí)驗(yàn)16
0.6.6精餾實(shí)驗(yàn)18
0.6.7干燥實(shí)驗(yàn)19
0.6.8液液萃取實(shí)驗(yàn)20

第1章化工原理實(shí)驗(yàn)研究方法22
1.1直接實(shí)驗(yàn)法22
1.2量綱分析法22
1.2.1量綱分析法具體步驟23
1.2.2量綱分析法舉例說明23
1.3數(shù)學(xué)模型法25
1.3.1數(shù)學(xué)模型法主要步驟25
1.3.2數(shù)學(xué)模型法舉例說明25
1.3.3數(shù)學(xué)模型法和量綱分析法的比較26

第2章實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的誤差分析28
2.1真值與平均值28
2.2誤差的分類29
2.3誤差的表示方法30
2.4精密度、正確度和精確度31
2.5實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的有效數(shù)字31
2.6誤差的處理方法33
2.7直接測(cè)量的誤差估算36
2.8間接測(cè)量中的誤差傳遞38
2.9誤差分析的具體應(yīng)用39

第3章實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)處理42
3.1列表法42
3.1.1數(shù)據(jù)表的分類42
3.1.2設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)表應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)43
3.2圖示法43
3.2.1坐標(biāo)系選擇的基本原則44
3.2.2坐標(biāo)分度的確定44
3.2.3設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)圖應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)45
3.3數(shù)學(xué)方程表示法46
3.3.1圖解分析法46
3.3.2回歸分析法49

第4章Excel與Origin軟件的應(yīng)用54
4.1Excel在實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)處理中的應(yīng)用54
4.2Origin在實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)回歸與繪圖中的應(yīng)用60

第5章實(shí)驗(yàn)室常用測(cè)量?jī)x表69
5.1溫度測(cè)量69
5.1.1膨脹式溫度計(jì)70
5.1.2熱電偶溫度計(jì)71
5.1.3熱電阻溫度計(jì)74
5.1.4溫度計(jì)的選擇和使用原則75
5.2壓力(差)測(cè)量75
5.2.1液柱式壓力計(jì)75
5.2.2彈性式壓力計(jì)77
5.2.3電氣式壓力計(jì)79
5.2.4活塞式壓力計(jì)81
5.2.5壓力(差)計(jì)的校驗(yàn)81
5.3流量測(cè)量815.3.1速度式流量計(jì)81
5.3.2容積式流量計(jì)85
5.3.3質(zhì)量流量計(jì)85
5.3.4流量計(jì)的檢驗(yàn)和標(biāo)定86
5.4液位測(cè)量86
5.4.1直讀式液位計(jì)86
5.4.2差壓式液位計(jì)87
5.4.3浮力式液位計(jì)88

第6章化工原理虛擬仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)91
6.1虛擬仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)概述91
6.1.1基本操作91
6.1.2菜單選擇項(xiàng)功能說明93
6.1.3儀表和閥門調(diào)節(jié)說明95
6.1.4注意事項(xiàng)97
6.2雷諾演示仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)97
6.2.1仿真主界面97
6.2.2雷諾演示實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置97
6.2.3實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目98
6.3化工流動(dòng)過程綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)98
6.3.1仿真主界面98
6.3.2化工流動(dòng)過程綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置99
6.3.3實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目99
6.4離心泵綜合性能測(cè)定實(shí)驗(yàn)99
6.4.1仿真主界面99
6.4.2離心泵實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置100
6.4.3實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目100
6.5恒壓過濾實(shí)驗(yàn)101
6.5.1仿真主界面101
6.5.2恒壓過濾實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置101
6.5.3實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目102
6.5.4可變換的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件102
6.5.5數(shù)據(jù)處理注意事項(xiàng)102
6.6傳熱綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)102
6.6.1仿真主界面102
6.6.2傳熱綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置103
6.6.3實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目103
6.6.4可變換的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件103
6.7二氧化碳吸收與解吸實(shí)驗(yàn)104
6.7.1仿真主界面104
6.7.2二氧化碳吸收與解吸實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置104
6.7.3實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目105
6.7.4可變換的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件105
6.7.5注意事項(xiàng)105
6.8精餾綜合拓展實(shí)驗(yàn)105
6.8.1仿真主界面105
6.8.2精餾綜合拓展實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置106
6.8.3實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目107
6.8.4注意事項(xiàng)107
6.9液液萃取實(shí)驗(yàn)108
6.9.1仿真主界面108
6.9.2液液萃取實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置108
6.9.3實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目109
6.9.4可變換的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件109
6.9.5注意事項(xiàng)109
6.10洞道干燥實(shí)驗(yàn)109
6.10.1仿真主界面109
6.10.2洞道干燥實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置109
6.10.3實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目110
6.10.4可變換的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件110
6.10.5注意事項(xiàng)110

第7章化工原理演示實(shí)驗(yàn)111
7.1雷諾實(shí)驗(yàn)111
7.1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?11
7.1.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理111
7.1.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置111
7.1.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟111
7.1.5注意事項(xiàng)113
7.1.6思考題113
7.2能量轉(zhuǎn)化(流體機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化)演示實(shí)驗(yàn)113
7.2.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?13
7.2.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理113
7.2.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置113
7.2.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟114
7.2.5注意事項(xiàng)115
7.2.6思考題115
7.3流線演示實(shí)驗(yàn)115
7.3.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?15
7.3.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理115
7.3.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置115
7.3.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟116
7.3.5思考題117
7.4非均相氣固分離演示實(shí)驗(yàn)117
7.4.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?17
7.4.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理117
7.4.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置118
7.4.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟118
7.4.5注意事項(xiàng)120
7.4.6思考題120
7.5板式塔流體力學(xué)性能演示實(shí)驗(yàn)120
7.5.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?20
7.5.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理120
7.5.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置121
7.5.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟122
7.5.5注意事項(xiàng)122
7.5.6思考題122

第8章化工原理“三型”實(shí)驗(yàn)123
8.1流體流動(dòng)阻力實(shí)驗(yàn)123
8.1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?23
8.1.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理123
8.1.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置與流程125
8.1.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟及注意事項(xiàng)126
8.1.5思考題127
8.2離心泵實(shí)驗(yàn)128
8.2.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?28
8.2.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理128
8.2.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置與流程129
8.2.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟及注意事項(xiàng)130
8.2.5思考題131
8.3過濾實(shí)驗(yàn)132
8.3.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?32
8.3.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理132
8.3.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置與流程133
8.3.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟及注意事項(xiàng)134
8.3.5思考題135
8.4傳熱實(shí)驗(yàn)136
8.4.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?36
8.4.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理136
8.4.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置與流程137
8.4.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟與注意事項(xiàng)140
8.4.5思考題142
8.5吸收實(shí)驗(yàn)142
8.5.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?42
8.5.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理143
8.5.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置與流程144
8.5.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟與注意事項(xiàng)146
8.5.5思考題147
8.6精餾實(shí)驗(yàn)148
8.6.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?48
8.6.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理148
8.6.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置與流程151
8.6.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟與注意事項(xiàng)154
8.6.5思考題155
8.7干燥實(shí)驗(yàn)156
8.7.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?56
8.7.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理156
8.7.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置與流程158
8.7.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟與注意事項(xiàng)159
8.7.5思考題160

第9章化工原理自組裝實(shí)驗(yàn)161
9.1自組裝實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?61
9.2自組裝實(shí)驗(yàn)要求161
9.3自組裝實(shí)驗(yàn)主要設(shè)備、儀表與配件162
9.3.1流體流動(dòng)阻力自組裝實(shí)驗(yàn)162
9.3.2泵性能測(cè)試自組裝實(shí)驗(yàn)163
9.3.3傳熱過程強(qiáng)化自組裝實(shí)驗(yàn)164
9.3.4列管換熱自組裝實(shí)驗(yàn)164

第10章化工原理提高型實(shí)驗(yàn)與實(shí)訓(xùn)166
10.1液液萃取提高型實(shí)驗(yàn)166
10.1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?66
10.1.2實(shí)驗(yàn)原理166
10.1.3實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置與流程167
10.1.4實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟與注意事項(xiàng)167
10.1.5思考題171
10.2多效蒸發(fā)綜合實(shí)訓(xùn)172
10.2.1實(shí)訓(xùn)目的172
10.2.2基本原理172
10.2.3工藝流程、主要設(shè)備及儀表172
10.2.4實(shí)訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目174
10.3吸收解吸綜合實(shí)訓(xùn)175
10.3.1實(shí)訓(xùn)目的175
10.3.2基本原理176
10.3.3工藝流程、主要設(shè)備及儀表176
10.3.4實(shí)訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目176

Introduction180
0.1Teaching objectives180
0.2Teaching characteristics181
0.3Teaching content and methods181
0.4Teaching requirements182
0.5Basic safety knowledge of the experiment189
0.5.1Experimental rules189
0.5.2Basic safety knowledge190
0.6Tasks196
0.6.1Resistance experiment196
0.6.2Centrifugal pump experiment197
0.6.3Filtration experiment199
0.6.4Heat transfer experiment201
0.6.5Absorption experiment202
0.6.6Distillation experiment205
0.6.7Drying experiment207
0.6.8Liquid-liquid extraction experiment208

Chapter 1 Research Methods of Chemical Engineering Principle Experiment211
1.1Direct experiment method211
1.2Dimensional analysis method211
1.2.1Specific steps of dimensional analysis212
1.2.2Dimensional analysis examples213
1.3Mathematical model method215
1.3.1Main steps of mathematical model method215
1.3.2Mathematical model method example216
1.3.3Comparison of mathematical model method and dimensional analysis method217

Chapter 2 Error Analysis of Experimental Data219
2.1True values and the mean219
2.2Error classification220
2.3Error representation methods221
2.4Precision，trueness and accuracy223
2.5Effective digits of experimental data224
2.6Error handling methods227
2.7Error estimation of directly measured values230
2.8Error propagation in indirect measurements233
2.9Application examples of error analysis234

Chapter 3 Experimental Data Processing238
3.1Tabular method238
3.1.1Classification of data tables238
3.1.2Considerations for designing experimental data tables239
3.2Graphic method240
3.2.1Basic principles of coordinate system selection240
3.2.2Determination of coordinate division241
3.2.3Considerations for designing experimental data graphs242
3.3Mathematical equation representation method243
3.3.1Graphic analysis method244
3.3.2Regression analysis method247

Chapter 4 Applications of Excel and Origin Software253
4.1Application of Excel in the experimental data processing253
4.2Application of Origin in experimental data regression and plotting260

Chapter 5 Commonly Used Measuring Instruments in the Laboratory269
5.1Temperature measurement269
5.1.1Expansion thermometer270
5.1.2Thermocouple thermometer273
5.1.3Thermistor thermometer276
5.1.4Principles of thermometer selection and use277
5.2Pressure (pressure drop)measurement278
5.2.1Liquid column pressure gauge278
5.2.2Elastic pressure gauge280
5.2.3Electric pressure gauge283
5.2.4Piston pressure gauge285
5.2.5Calibration of pressure gauge285
5.3Flow measurement286
5.3.1Velocity flowmeter286
5.3.2Volumetric flowmeter291
5.3.3Mass flowmeter292
5.3.4Flowmeter inspection and calibration292
5.4Liquid level measurement293
5.4.1Direct reading level gauge293
5.4.2Differential pressure level gauge295
5.4.3Buoyancy liquid level gauge296

Chapter 6 Virtual Simulation Experiments of Chemical Engineering Principle299
6.1Overview of virtual simulation experiments299
6.1.1Basic operations299
6.1.2Description of menu selection functions301
6.1.3Instrument and valve adjustment instructions304
6.1.4Precautions306
6.2Simulation experiment of Reynolds demonstration306
6.2.1Main interface of simulation306
6.2.2Reynolds demonstration experimental device307
6.2.3Experiment projects308
6.3Comprehensive experiment of chemical flow processes308
6.3.1Main interface of simulation308
6.3.2Experimental device for the comprehensive experiment of chemical flow processes308
6.3.3Experiment projects309
6.4Experiment of centrifugal pump comprehensive performance measurement309
6.4.1Main interface of simulation309
6.4.2Centrifugal pump experimental device310
6.4.3Experiment projects311
6.5Filtration experiment under constant pressure311
6.5.1Main interface of simulation311
6.5.2Experimental device of filtration under constant pressure311
6.5.3Experiment projects312
6.5.4Adjustable experimental conditions312
6.5.5Notes for data processing312
6.6Comprehensive experiment of heat transfer313
6.6.1Main interface of simulation313
6.6.2Experimental device for comprehensive experiment of heat transfer313
6.6.3Experiment projects314
6.6.4Adjustable experimental conditions315
6.7Carbon dioxide absorption and desorption experiment315
6.7.1Main interface of simulation315
6.7.2Experimental device of carbon dioxide absorption and desorption315
6.7.3Experiment projects316
6.7.4Adjustable experimental conditions317
6.7.5Precautions317
6.8Comprehensive experiment of rectification317
6.8.1Main interface of simulation317
6.8.2Experimental device for comprehensive experiment of rectification318
6.8.3Experiment projects319
6.8.4Precautions319
6.9Liquid-liquid extraction experiment320
6.9.1Main interface of simulation320
6.9.2Experimental device for liquid-liquid extraction320
6.9.3Experiment projects321
6.9.4Adjustable experimental conditions321
6.9.5Precautions322
6.10Tunnel drying experiment322
6.10.1Main interface of simulation322
6.10.2Tunnel drying experimental device323
6.10.3Experiment projects323
6.10.4Adjustable experimental conditions323
6.10.5Precautions324

Chapter 7 Demonstration Experiment of Chemical Engineering Principle325
7.1Reynolds experiment325
7.1.1Experimental objectives325
7.1.2Experimental principles325
7.1.3Experimental device325
7.1.4Experimental procedures326
7.1.5Precautions327
7.1.6Questions328
7.2Demonstration experiment of energy conversion (fluid mechanical energy conversion)328
7.2.1Experimental objectives328
7.2.2Experimental principles328
7.2.3Experimental device329
7.2.4Experimental procedures330
7.2.5Precautions330
7.2.6Questions330
7.3Streamline demonstration experiment331
7.3.1Experimental objectives331
7.3.2Experimental principles331
7.3.3Experimental device3327.3.4Experimental procedures333
7.3.5Questions333
7.4Demonstration experiment of heterogeneous gas-solid separation334
7.4.1Experimental objectives334
7.4.2Experimental principles334
7.4.3Experimental device336
7.4.4Experimental procedures337
7.4.5Precautions337
7.4.6Questions337
7.5Demonstration experiment of hydrodynamic performance of plate column338
7.5.1Experimental objectives338
7.5.2Experimental principles338
7.5.3Experimental device339
7.5.4Experimental procedures340
7.5.5Precautions340
7.5.6Questions341

Chapter 8 Chemical Engineering Principle “Three Type”Experiment342
8.1Fluid flow resistance experiment342
8.1.1Experimental objective342
8.1.2Experimental principles342
8.1.3Experimental device344
8.1.4Experimental procedures and precautions344
8.1.5Questions347
8.2Centrifugal pump experiment348
8.2.1Experimental objective348
8.2.2Experimental principles348
8.2.3Experimental device350
8.2.4Experimental procedures and precautions351
8.2.5Questions352
8.3Filtration experiment353
8.3.1Experimental objective353
8.3.2Experimental principles353
8.3.3Experimental device355
8.3.4Experimental procedures and precautions356
8.3.5Questions358
8.4Heat transfer experiment359
8.4.1Experimental objectives359
8.4.2Experimental principles359
8.4.3Experimental device360
8.4.4Experimental procedures and precautions363
8.4.5Questions366
8.5Absorption experiment367
8.5.1Experimental objectives367
8.5.2Experimental principles367
8.5.3Experimental device369
8.5.4Experimental procedures and precautions371
8.5.5Questions373
8.6Distillation experiment374
8.6.1Experimental objectives374
8.6.2Experimental principles375
8.6.3Experimental device378
8.6.4Experimental procedures and precautions381
8.6.5Questions383
8.7Drying experiment384
8.7.1Experimental objectives384
8.7.2Experimental principles385
8.7.3Experimental device387
8.7.4Experimental procedures and precautions387
8.7.5Questions389

Chapter 9 Self-designed Experiments of Chemical Engineering Principle391
9.1Purpose of self-designed experiments391
9.2Requirements of self-designed experiments392
9.3Equipment for self-designed experiments392
9.3.1Self-designed experiment of fluid flow resistance392
9.3.2Self-designed experiment of pump performance testing393
9.3.3Self-designed experiment of enhancedheat transfer394
9.3.4Self-designed experiment of shell-and-tube heat exchanger395

Chapter 10 Advanced Experiment and Practical Training397
10.1Advanced experiment of liquid-liquid extraction397
10.1.1Experimental objectives397
10.1.2Experimental principles397
10.1.3Experimental device399
10.1.4Experimental procedures and precautions399
10.1.5Questions404
10.2Multi-effect evaporation comprehensive training404
10.2.1Training objectives404
10.2.2Basic principles405
10.2.3Process，main devices and instruments406
10.2.4Training projects407
10.3Absorption-desorption comprehensive training410
10.3.1Training objectives410
10.3.2Basic principles410
10.3.3Process，main equipment and instruments411
10.3.4Training projects411

附錄416

參考文獻(xiàn)421